5A type of object that you can define in the Create or
4Script User Levels. The Check box selector puts up a
8number of items that you can toggle on or off with check
buttons.
CHIP MEMORY
6The Amiga's lowest 512K RAM of system memory. With the
.enhanced chip set, chip memory is increased to
31024K RAM. This is the only memory that the Amiga's
8special graphics hardware can access. The display memory
must reside in chip memory.
CLIPBOARD
8A place where data can be copied so that it can be moved
8to other pages or applications. Helm allows you to copy,
6cut, and paste text, images, objects, and pages to and
from the Clipboard.
5CMY (for Cyan, Magenta, Yellow) is a color model used
in four-color process printing.
COLOR REGISTER
7A system register where the Red, Green, and Blue values
of a color are stored.
COLORMAP
7A software structure that stores color definitions. The
8colors of the colormap are mapped to the actual hardware
color registers.
COLOR MODEL
2A method of numerically representing a color. Helm
Csupports three models:
, HSV, and
. There are
many more.
COMMAND
3An instruction in a computer language that does not
5usually cause a translator to return a value. Compare
function.
COMPLEMENT
7Reversing the bits of an area in order to highlight the
area.
CONCATENATION
7The process of adding two strings together. Breeze uses
/the addition symbol to concatenate two strings:
. full_name = last_name & ", " + first_name
CONTAINER
0A structure that can hold data. This data can be
5integers, real number, or strings. You can manipulate
5all data as strings with slicing or string functions.
7All objects are also containers. Breeze uses containers
instead of variables.
CONTEXT-SENSITIVE
7The ability of a feature to change according to changes
)in other features. In Helm, the menus are
5context-sensitive. The User Level and the active tool
7provide the context for displaying specific menus, menu
items, or subitems.
CONTROL POINT
8A small knob attached to an object used for manipulating
6the size and shape of the object. Some developers also
call them handles.
CONVOLUTION
<A process in which each
pixel
in an image is altered
6depending on its relationship with neighboring pixels.
7The Custom Filter and Edge Detector are implementations
of convolution processes.
CURSOR
;The vertical line inside a
textfield
that shows you
.where the next character you type will appear.
CYCLE SELECTOR
8A type of input object that you can define in the Create
5or Script user level. The Cycle selector performs the
<same task as a
radio box
but takes up less room. The
6cycle selector looks like a button that cycles through
2a series of selections. The selection displayed is
'toggled on, all others are toggled off.
DEBUGGING
6The process of correcting the mistakes in a program or
script.
DEAD KEYS
6Keys used by the Amiga console for typing letters with
4accent marks. By pressing the Alt-key along with the
4f, g, h, j, or k keys and then pressing a vowel, the
4user can enter the accent marks used by many foreign
languages.
Alt-f + vowel = ' acute
Alt-g + vowel = ` grave
$ Alt-h + vowel = ^ circumflex
Alt-j + vowel = ~ tilde
Alt-k + vowel = umlaut
8This system of dead keys is also used in Helm's console.
DECLARATION
7A statement that introduces a variable or string to the
language translator.
DEFAULT MENUS
&The set of menus that belongs to Helm.
DEFAULT TOOL
8The program name and path, kept in a project's Workbench
7information requester, that identifies the program that
#uses the project as a support file.
DIGITIZER
3A device that turns a video signal into a digitized
image.
DITHERING
9A method of using patterns of
pixels
to represent
6different shades and colors. A dithering routine might
4reproduce the color orange as a pattern of mixed red
2and yellow pixels. Dithering is used to extend the
7colors and shades of an output device such as a monitor
or printer.
DOUBLE-CLICK
1The act of clicking a mouse button twice in quick
/succession. For example, you can open a book by
6double-clicking a filename in the open book requester.
4To move the pointer while holding down the selection
5button. To move a window or object, you must drag it.
DRAW PROGRAM
4A graphics program that can be used to create images
0with vector graphics. Since draw programs regard
1drawings as a series of x and y coordinates, draw
,programs can produce highly accurate output.
file format for storing digitized audio samples. The SMUS files use 8SXV as instruments.
EMPTY SELECTOR
8A type of input object that you can define in the Create
8or Script user level. An Empty selector simply puts up a
6selector box with a title. With an empty selector, you
can do no selecting at all.
ENHANCED CHIP SET
6A set of graphics chips for the Amiga. These new chips
<can directly access 1024K RAM --
CHIP RAM
. They also
3have several new display modes such as Productivity
Mode and SuperHires.
EVENT
3Any occurrence that creates a message. For example,
6clicking a mouse button and turning a page are events.
EXPRESSION
/Any combination of words and symbols that, when
evaluated, are equivalent to a single string or number. Expressions can consist of containers, constants, properties, and function calls.
EXTRA HALF-BRIGHT
8A special Amiga mode in which the 320 x 200 or 320 x 400
2display can double its number of colors, making 64
6colors. The extra colors in Extra Half Bright mode are
4half the brightness of the original half. You cannot
6adjust these extra colors. They are entirely dependent
on the first 32 color registers.
FIELD
3An object in which you can enter text or paint. See
Textfield
and Imagefield.
FILTER
6The matrix of numbers used by any convolution routine.
6It often refers to a matrix plus a denominator used to
2in simple convolution algorithms. A filter is also
called a kernel or a window.
FIXED-PITCH FONT
A font in which all the characters have the same width. Pitch refers to the number of characters that an output device can print per inch. Also called monospaced font. See proportional-pitch font.
FLOYD-STEINBERG
,A popular error diffusion dithering routine.
FLOW CHART
/A graphical representation of a program's inner
workings.
5An object type just below the book and just above the
4pages in Helm's object hierarchy. Forms must coexist
7with pages, since a form sets forth the general form of
3a group of pages. A form cannot exist without being
6used by at least one page. A page cannot exist without
using a form.
7On a form, you can put any number of objects or shapes.
4For example, you can put several fields on a form to
6hold a name and address. Every page that is then added
7to that form can hold a different name and address. The
result is an address book.
FUNCTION
4A user-defined command that can accept arguments and
0return a value. A function is defined within the
5function and end function keywords, the function name
4following the word function. Functions are very much
4like mathematical functions. This is an example of a
Breeze function definition:
flashScreen
begin
Set rgb4 of 0 to 0, 10, 0
wait 1 second
Set rgb4 of 0 to 0, 0, 0
end
Zon SelectUp
begin
set rgb4 of 0 to 0,10,0
wait 1 seconds
set rgb4 of 0 to 0,0,0
FUNCTION SELECTOR
8A type of input object that you can define in the Create
8or Script User Levels. The function selector is a set of
buttons.
GHOSTING
8The covering of a button, menu item, or screen area with
,dots to indicate that they cannot be used or
manipulated.
GLOBAL CONTAINER
container
that can be referenced or changed from any
script in the book.
HALFTONING
6Turning picture of many tones into an image consisting
5of dots of one color in various patterns to represent
'the different intensities of the tones.
6The definition of a color as red, green, blue, yellow,
3cyan, magenta, etc. White, black, and grays are not
5hues. If saturation is zero, hue is undefined. Hue is
6usually described in degrees. A hue of 0 degrees (red)
%is identical to a hue of 360 degrees.
HYPERTEXT
7A system in which text is linked to other text or other
6forms of information. This system was devised so that
5documents can maintain references to other documents.
7An electronic term paper, for example, can reference an
7article in an electronic encyclopedia without having to
6duplicate any part of that article. Helm does not have
2links, but go to actions can be used for a similar
result.
6The Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers.
2This organization has set forth a standard in math
7functions which Commodore-Amiga has followed in its use
6of three libraries. Helm needs two of these libraries:
mathieeedoubbas.library
mathieeedoubtrans.library
2If these two files are not in your computer's Libs
drawer, Helm will refuse to run.
7IFF (Interchange Format File) refers to a standard file
5structure for various types of data (graphics, sound,
8text). It is widely supported by commercial software for
Uthe Amiga and IBM.
, and
are IFF
formats.
INHERITANCE
1An object oriented programming technique in which
5properties of one object are passed to other objects.
7In Helm, a form can pass menus, objects, a palette, and
an effect area to pages.
8ILBM (Interleaved Bitmap) is a standard
file
*structure developed by Electronic Arts and
.Commodore-Amiga for storing bit-mapped images.
IMAGE ENHANCING
5Image processing that improves an image, particularly
8if the process brings out detail or restores a distorted
image.
IMAGE PROCESSING
5Any process that manipulates images. Image processing
$means the same as computer graphics.
INTENSITY
8The brightness of a color. Helm defines intensity as the
'sum of its Red, Green, and Blue values.
INTERLACE
8An interlaced picture is displayed with two scans of the
5video beam. The Amiga displays the odd numbered lines
8with the first scan. It displays the even numbered lines
7with the second scan. With many monitors, a flicker may
7occur because the preceding set of lines begins to fade
before the more recent set.
@A permanent
container
for temporary storage of data. The
2get command will put values into the it container.
@(1) a division of a
container
. Within a container, items
4 are separated by commas. Items also refer to the
items in a menu or selector.
3(2) Any single part in a list, such as an item in a
scrolling list.
JIFFY
1A unit of time equal to one sixtieth of a second.
*ANIM frame delays are measured in jiffies.
JAGGIES
5The stair-stepped appearance of diagonal lines on the
1screen. Jaggies are a result of a low resolution
/display. To reduce jaggies in a picture you can
7convert the picture to a higher display mode and smooth
the image with a filter.
KEYWORD
-A word that is reserved for use by a language
4translator. In Breeze, you cannot use a keyword as a
%container, message, or function name.
LAYER
6A group of objects that will obscure or be obscured by
8objects in other layers. In Helm, there are two kinds of
7layers: form layers and page layers. Form layers always
5rest beneath page layers. Layered pages are useful in
5constructing overlays such as those in archaeological
maps and medical diagrams.
LOCAL CONTAINER
4A container that can be used only within the message
,handler or function in which it was created.
LOGICAL VALUE
0A value of only two states: true or false. A bit
3represents a logical value. Logical values are also
called Boolean values.
7A one-plane image that is used to block-out or mask-out
?an area of a
bitmap
. The area behind the mask cannot be
painted over.
MATRIX SELECTOR
5A type of object that you can define in the Create or
6Script User Level. The Matrix selector puts up a table
7of fields. You give the number of columns and rows that
make up the matrix.
MESSAGE
0A code sent by an object that tells of an event.
6Selecting a button object, for example, will cause the
7button to send out a SelectUp and a SelectDown message.
MESSAGE HANDLER
8A Breeze control structure that intercepts and processes
2messages of specified types. The following message
"handler will flash the border red:
on MenuChoose begin
set rgb4 of 0 to 0, 10, 0
wait 1 seconds
set rgb4 of 0 to 0, 0, 0
end
0MIDI (Musical Instrument Digital Interface) is a
4standard for transmitting music between computerized
devices.
MULTIMEDIA
7The integration of graphics, text, and sound to produce
(.txt)